Simple Bibliography

Lilijana Burcar. “Imploding the Racialized and Patriarchal Beauty Myth through the Critical Lens of Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye.” Vestnik Za Tuje Jezike 9.1 (2017): 139-158. Web.

https://revije.ff.uni-lj.si/Vestnik/article/view/7635/7266

Koch, E. “Hollywood’s Terror Industry: Idealized Beauty and The Bluest Eye.” Sanglap 1.1 (2014): 147-57. Web.

http://sanglap-journal.in/index.php/sanglap/article/view/37/27

Kuenz, Jane. “‘The Bluest Eye’: Notes on History, Community, and Black Female Subjectivity.” African American Review 27.3 (1993): 421. Web.

https://www-jstor-org.proxy.wexler.hunter.cuny.edu/stable/3041932?origin=crossref&sid=primo&seq=4#metadata_info_tab_contents

Yancy, George. What White Looks Like : African-American Philosophers on the Whiteness Question. London: Routledge, 2004. Web.

“Out of Sight: Toni Morrison’s Revision of Beauty.” Black American Literature Forum 24.4 (1990): 775. Web.

https://www-jstor-org.proxy.wexler.hunter.cuny.edu/stable/3041802?origin=crossref&sid=primo&seq=3#metadata_info_tab_contents

 

I began looking for my sources through onesearch on the hunter college library by first entering the title of the novel and keywords such as “beauty” since I am focusing on how capitalism functions to define beauty. I also remembered that I wanted to include the chapter we read for class by George Yancy because he also mentions how the conceptions of American beauty relate to whiteness which allow for the dominance of these conceptions. I struggled to find articles which focused on the role of China, Poland, and Miss Marie although they are mentioned in a few of the articles.

Simple Bibliography

“Biography – The Gordon Parks Foundation.” Gordon Parks Foundation, www.gordonparksfoundation.org/artist/biography.

Blair, Sara. Harlem Crossroads: Black Writers and the Photograph in the Twentieth Century. Princeton University Press, 2007.

Lamm, Kimberly. “Visuality and Black Masculinity in Ralph Ellison’s ‘Invisible Man’ and Romare Bearden’s Photomontages.” Callaloo, vol. 26, no. 3, 2003, pp. 813–835. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3300728.

Millichap, Joseph. “Fiction, Photography, and the Cultural Construction of Racial Identity in Ralph Ellison’s ‘Invisible Man.’” South Atlantic Review, vol. 76, no. 4, 2011, pp. 129–142. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/43738922.

Raz-Russo, Michal. Invisible Man: Gordon Parks and Ralph Ellison in Harlem. Steidl, 2016.

Rowell, Charles H., and Kerry James Marshall. “An Interview with Kerry James Marshall.” Callaloo, vol. 21, no. 1, 1998, pp. 263–272. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3300033.

Sargent, Antwaun. “’Invisible Man’ Inspires Conceptual Art About Blackness.” Vice, VICE, 21 June 2017, www.vice.com/en_us/article/ev4wwm/invisible-man-inspires-conceptual-art-blackness.

“Silence Is Golden.” The Studio Museum in Harlem, 4 Jan. 2019, studiomuseum.org/collection-item/silence-golden.

Walling, William. “‘Art’ and ‘Protest’: Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man Twenty Years After.” Phylon (1960-), vol. 34, no. 2, 1973, pp. 120–134. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/273820.

 

The main database I used was JSTOR and Google Scholar. I searched the terms “Ralph Ellison” “Invisible Man” “art” “photography” I also played with the wording and got different sources. There wasn’t many articles that helped my specific topic of Ellison’s art in Invisible Man but what really set off my search was researching the information in Visuality and Black Masculinity by Lamm which gave me other leads.

Simple Bibliography

Putnam, Amanda. “Mothering Violence: Ferocious Female Resistance in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye, Sula, Beloved, and A Mercy.” Black Women, Gender Families, vol. 5, no. 2, 2011, pp. 25–43. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/blacwomegendfami.5.2.0025.

Grogan, Christine. “Morrison Responds to the Psychological Community in The Bluest Eye.”  Father-Daughter Incest in Twentieth-Century American Literature: The Complex Trauma  of the Wound and the Voiceless. Fairleigh Dickinson UP, 2016. 75-94. EBSCOhost,  search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mzh&AN=2016383186&site=ehost-liVe.

PIPES, CANDICE. “Failed Mothers and the Black Girl-Child Victim of Incestuous Rape in The Bluest Eye and Push.” Toni Morrison on Mothers and Motherhood, edited by Lee Baxter and Martha Satz, Demeter Press, Bradford, ON, 2017, pp. 183–200. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1rfzz5n.14.

Zender, Karl F. “Faulkner and the Politics of Incest.” American Literature, vol. 70, no. 4, 1998, 739–765. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/2902390.

Simple Bibliography

1. Connolly, Paula T. “Cultured Toys.” The Lion and the Unicorn, vol. 21 no. 1, 1997, pp. 148-151. Project MUSE, doi:10.1353/uni.1997.0003

https://muse.jhu.edu/article/35329

 2. Bergner, Gwen. “Black Children, White Preference: Brown v. Board, the Doll Tests, and the Politics of Self-Esteem.” American Quarterly, vol. 61 no. 2, 2009, pp. 299-332. Project MUSE, doi:10.1353/aq.0.0070

https://muse.jhu.edu/article/267021

3. Roye, Susmita. “Toni Morrison’s Disrupted Girls and Their Disturbed Girlhoods: The Bluest Eye and A Mercy.” Callaloo, vol. 35 no. 1, 2012, pp. 212-227. Project MUSE, doi:10.1353/cal.2012.0013

https://muse.jhu.edu/article/470462

4. Frever, Trinna S. “‘Oh! You Beautiful Doll!”: Icon, Image, and Culture in Works by Alvarez, Cisneros, and Morrison.” Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature, vol. 28, no. 1, 2009, pp. 121–139. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/40783477.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/40783477?casa_token=Nt5DgPmjJzcAAAAA:nq-MYXagb6IL2aqgHch4eSzvXZLW7rBCfx3hWfZ98uJIxZzb09BIFK23iZUQUmhZCjYW_3KxTufaqLlJzCLRSbWjxW_Auopwfr1eytfX8xZ5bflPSoTs&seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents

5. Bernstein, Robin. “Children’s Books, Dolls, and the Performance of Race; or, The Possibility of Children’s Literature.” PMLA, vol. 126, no. 1, 2011, pp. 160–169. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/41414088.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/41414088.pdf?casa_token=4qKcBksqKe8AAAAA:k3TOgZFUygaw2kcRTkR-2dj2cmLY-sRgrzIVa9jJGBKx3ez2Y3T1L9XLuCPmp7cJkXLeY9JuwfHvew4UjrMI5DcUBtxgEqeaM3y-84w-POqb_6l8ANTK

Simple Bibliography

 

        1) Mahaffey, Paul Douglas. “The Adolescent Complexities of Race, Gender, and Class in Toni Morrison’s ‘The Bluest Eye.’” Race, Gender & Class, vol. 11, no. 4, 2004, pp. 155–165. JSTORhttp://www.jstor.org/stable/43496824

I searched “The Bluest Eye” class on JSTOR as a first broad and simple search, and was glad to find this informative source. My research question mostly focuses on race/class in The Bluest Eye, so this sort of article is helpful in that it contains quotes to support the backbone of my research project.

       2) Mbalia, Doreatha Drummond. “The Bluest Eye: The Need for Racial Approbation.” Contemporary Literary Criticism, edited by Janet Witalec, vol. 173, Gale, 2003. Literature Criticism Onlinehttp://link.galegroup.com.proxy.wexler.hunter.cuny.edu/apps/doc/WBEULT467593299/GLS?u=cuny_hunter&sid=GLS&xid=98cfcc16.

I decided to try out a different database and angle and searched “The Bluest Eye” black elites on Gale Literary Sources. I surprisingly received a decent amount of results (I was afraid that black elites was too specific). This article stood out as not only is it somewhat recent (as in published in the 21st century), but it contains substantial criticism and analysis regarding Maureen Peal and Geraldine.  

3) Wallowitz, Laraine. “Chapter 9: Resisting the White Gaze: Critical Literacy and Toni Morrison’s ‘The Bluest Eye.’” Counterpoints, vol. 326, 2008, pp. 151–164. JSTORhttp://www.jstor.org/stable/42980110

After having trouble finding many sources relevant to my research question on Google Scholar and Hunter OneSearch, I decided to hit JSTOR again and searched “The Bluest Eye” white supremacy. This result stuck out as it is more specific than the rest of my sources and a bit “weird”.

4) Gillan, Jennifer. “Focusing on the Wrong Front: Historical Displacement, the Maginot Line, and ‘The Bluest Eye.’” African American Review, vol. 36, no. 2, 2002, pp. 283–298. JSTORhttp://www.jstor.org/stable/1512261

From yet another JSTOR search, this time I used the search term “The Bluest Eye” model minority. Many of my search results were a bit off, but I ended up liking this one as it compares characters of different classes such as the Maginot Line and Maureen Peal.

5) Werrlein, Debra T. “Not so Fast, Dick and Jane: Reimagining Childhood and Nation in the Bluest Eye.” MELUS, vol. 30, no. 4, 2005, pp. 53–72. JSTORhttp://www.jstor.org/stable/30029634

This source is one that we discussed in class, but I decided to include it as Dick and Jane connect surprisingly well to ideas of divided blackness, class, and the ways in which blacks are victimized by white supremacy.

6) X, Malcolm, and Haley Alex. The Autobiography of Malcolm X. Grove Press, 1965.

Morrison and Malcolm X were born only 6 years apart, and although I haven’t been able to find anything that Morrison had to say about Malcolm publicly…I realized that there are many similarities in their views on subdivisions of blackness. For example, his Autobiography states, ““Whatever I have done since then, I have driven myself to become a success at it. I’ve often thought that if Mr. Ostrowski had encouraged me to become a lawyer, I would today probably be among some city’s professional black bourgeoisie, sipping cocktails and palming myself off as a community spokesman for and leader of the suffering black masses, while my primary concern would be to grab a few more crumbs from the groaning board of the two-faced whites with whom they’re begging to “integrate.””