Hinman Abel, Mary. Practical Sanitary and Economic Cooking Adapted to Persons of Moderate and Small Means. American Public Health Organization, 1889, pg.iv, 106.
Gardaphé, Fred L., and Wenying Xu. “Introduction: Food in Multi-Ethnic Literatures.” MELUS, vol. 32, no. 4, 2007, pp. 5–10. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/30029828.
Graves, Brian. “You Are What You Beat: Food Metaphors and Southern Black Identity in Twentieth-Century African American Literature and Goodie Mob’s ‘Soul Food.’” Studies in Popular Culture, vol. 38, no. 1, 2015, pp.126. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/44259588.
House, Elizabeth B. “The ‘Sweet Life’ in Toni Morrison’s Fiction.” American Literature, vol. 56, no. 2, 1984, pp. 182. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/2925752.
Kuenz, Jane. “The Bluest Eye: Notes on History, Community, and Black Female Subjectivity.” African American Review, vol. 27, no. 3, 1993, pp. 421–431. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3041932.
I used a combination of JSTOR, Google Scholar, and Hunter College’s Onesearch to find my sources, the latter two often pointed me in the direction of articles from JSTOR. I used the search terms “race,” “black,” “food” and “literature” for the majority of my sources. I used the terms “mary jane candies,” “food,” and “toni morrison” to find relevant existing criticism about my topic. When I was still deciding on my research topic a few weeks ago I went down a rabbit hole trying to research the history of blackberry cobbler (which is a food that appears in TBE). and found my first source – the cookbook where blackberry cobbler is called a “Brown Betty” for the first time. Though it is an unusual source, the preface and recipe itself sheds light how Morrison uses the dish to say something about blackness, poverty, and class.

